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February 12, 2005

Why Oh Why Are We Ruled by These [Liars[?] Fools[?]] (The Administration Doesn't Understand Its Own Proposals Department)

Jason Furman is clearly near the breaking point as he looks at the analysis the White House has done about its own Social Security proposals. Mendacity? Simply incompetence? I bet on incompetence: The errors are so transparent that they could hardly be deliberate. Could they? They couldn't have so much contempt for the press corps that they would make false but easily checked claims--like that a typical worker choosing private accounts would thereby sacrifice only one-third of his or her defined-benefit Social Security annuity when the true share is two-thirds. Would they?:

Jason Furman: The White House plan allows people to... direct 4 percent of payroll... into individual accounts. Any individual who chooses this option... [sees] a reduction in... [the] traditional Social Security benefit.... The individual account exactly... [matches] the benefit cut if the account... [earned a] 3 percent real rate of return.... The White House fact sheet assumes that this plan will mean a one-third reduction in your traditional benefit... “you can choose to redirect one-third of your payroll taxes into an individual account, but then you have to accept a one-third benefit cut. That way long-run solvency is unaffected....”

(There are other important issues that I do not discuss in this memo, like the magnitude of the other benefit cuts required to restore solvency in the absence of any revenue measures, the administrative costs, potential problems with survivors and disability benefits, the additional up-front borrowing required for the accounts, the fact that the accounts appear to be designed in a way that reduces long-term solvency, and the political risk that the benefit offset would be reversed by a future Congress which would cause the plan to unravel.

Here’s the problem... right now you get a... return on your payroll tax contributions of about 2 percent.... The offset, however, is based on a 3 percent rate of return. Thus the offset amount accumulates more quickly than your benefit.... end[s] up... [costing] more than one-third of your Social Security benefit....

A Real Numerical Example: You Have to Give Up Two-thirds of Your Benefit: The White House fact sheet does not specify the age or earnings or work history of the worker, just that the worker would “get $15,000 annually in benefits from the traditional system, reformed to be permanently sustainable.” For my example, I will use an average earner born in 1990... the first person who can fully participate... he turns 21 in 2011 and starts contributing to his individual account in that year and retires at age 65 in 2055.

Under the current benefit schedule, this worker would get a retirement benefit of $21,700... (this number, like all numbers in this memo, is in inflation-adjusted 2004 dollars). The benefits payable through Social Security revenues under a system that, in the White House’s words, has been “reformed to be permanently sustainable” would be 73 percent of total benefits in 2055, or $15,934.... (By way of comparison, the benefit under [the White House's version of] price indexing... would be even lower, $13,596.) If this person contributes 4 percent of payroll to an individual account, then at retirement, this account would have $152,000 of assets... at 3 percent annually above inflation.... buy you an inflation-adjusted annuity of about $11,000 annually.... [T]he person would be left with a traditional benefit of about $5,000 annually – $15,934 minus the $11,000 offset for having opted for an individual account. This is about two-thirds lower than the person’s Social Security benefit otherwise would be....

By the use of faulty numbers that inaccurately present the offset as reducing Social Security benefits by only one-third, the White House dodges one of the important questions we should be debating: Is it sufficient to have the risk-free tier of retirement security replace only 8 percent of prior wages? Is $5,000 annually from a Social Security benefit enough for a person whose other assets may be invested in a more risky form?

But you cannot even start to have this debate when the White House will not provide the data... and... inaccurately claims that you get to keep $10,000 – or two-thirds – of your Social Security benefit....

Posted by DeLong at February 12, 2005 12:35 PM

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Comments

I'm inclined to think the shoddiness is the result of the contempt they have developed for the American public and media. They know there is a critical mass of ignorance and apathy that makes it possible to avoid presenting a coherent, thought-out plan.

Posted by: Bob H at February 12, 2005 12:56 PM


As long as the press corps sucks it all up without spewing it back out in disgust, why *shouldn't* the Bushies treat 'em with contempt?

"Why Oh Why Are We Ruled by These Liars" and "Why Oh Why Can't We Have a Better Press Corps?" are reciprocal threads.

Posted by: Anderson at February 12, 2005 01:07 PM


Plan Bush for SS needs the Missouri treatment. Mr Bush, prove that your SS are not as bad as your Prescription Drug numbers. Show us the money. or You won't show us the numbers? What are you hiding Mr Bush?

Posted by: bakho at February 12, 2005 01:11 PM


It may be an exaggeration to say that you get a return of 2% right now. People paying in have no idea how much they'll get back far in the future. The amount will depend on unknown economic conditions in the far future and unknown Congressional actions. The return may ultimately turn out to be zero or even negative.

On the other hand, the uncertainly of the normal benefit makes the voluntary account all the more attractive, despite a 3% offset.

Posted by: David at February 12, 2005 01:20 PM


Let's think about this. Let's think of what we know.

We've seen that people who are not qualified to be giving advice as an expert on a particular area giving such advice. Take Karl Rove and the steel tariffs, for instance. Maybe I've missed it, but he doesn't have a PhD in economics, unlike, say, Gregory Mankiw. For all we know, this memo could have been written by someone who isn't an expert.

We also know that this administration regularly lies about its policies. Look no further than this past week's announcement that the Medicare drug bill would now cost at least $720 billion, if not $1.2 trillion. It's not fair to blame them for being off by a little--$410 billion versus $400 billion, say--but these aren't minor errors. Unless they have truly incompetent people working on this stuff, they willfully bullshitted the press, Congress, and the public. It's very possible that these guys decided to try lying once again.

It could be either.

Posted by: Brian at February 12, 2005 01:36 PM


David, you do realize that the same thing applies to personal accounts expect that you know you'll have to pay it back at a 3% rate? Uncertainity exists much more there than in the system as a whole.

Posted by: David at February 12, 2005 01:57 PM


Bob Greenstein and his staff at the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities (CBPP) have done a very good job of analyzing the Administration's Social Security private accounts proposal. Plenty of separate papers analyzing each aspect. They are analyzing the budget in the same manner. Again, good work.

CBPP
http://www.cbpp.org/

Private accounts transition costs are often lost in the discussions. CBPP details their estimates. Big dollars, well into the $ trillions.

The transition costs and future reduced benefits in the existing program will likely derail the Bush proposal more than any other considerations. IF anything derails it...

AN OVERVIEW OF ISSUES RAISED BY THE ADMINISTRATION'S SOCIAL SECURITY PLAN
Revised February 7, 2004
http://www.cbpp.org/2-2-05socsec4.htm

* Look at the graph.

"The additional debt resulting from the President’s proposal would continue to rise as a share of the overall economy, reaching more than 25 percent of GDP in about 40 years and remaining at or above that level for the entire 75-year projection period."

Are we crazy?

Posted by: Movie Guy at February 12, 2005 03:03 PM


Thanks for posting the analysis.

But doesn't Bush just listen to his gut?? No analysis, pure gut. Isn't that what they say?

But maybe 'they' heard him wrong, because of the straw in his teeth, maybe he does have analysts but what they actually say is: "ya ought'a Gut the environment"...."ya ought'a Gut Iraq"..."ya ought'a Gut the poor"..."ya ought'a Gut Social Security".

It got a bit misconstrued by the press in the translation. But that is the analysis...then the marketing plan begins for us simple folk.

Posted by: arlees at February 12, 2005 03:17 PM


George Will alert (in the current Newsweek, which headlines retirement issues):

Will ends his defense of Bush's plan (under the title "Harry Reid's 'Roulette'" with an outright falsehood: "Reid participates in the [federal employee's Thrift Savings] plan, but opposes allowing all Americans the comparable opportunity that Bush is proposing.

Does Will really maintain that Reid (and presumably all those benighted Democrats, etc.) are opposed to people participating in an IRA, 401(k) or 403(b) or 457 plan? That, after all, is what Thrift Savings seems to be: a voluntary plan that withholds pre-tax dollars and puts it in one of several funds. I have a plan just like it a the University of California...though with more options.

No one says we should abolish these, most certainly not Reid. Will knows this, and I'm fairly confident that he knows the difference between voluntary tax-advantaged retirement savings and Social Security, a pay-as-you-go social insurance program.

Ergo: Will is a liar.

Posted by: PQuincy at February 12, 2005 07:31 PM


PQuincy,

Write a letter. Because I'm too G**damned lazy.

Posted by: Lewis Carroll at February 12, 2005 07:44 PM


A friend's brother-in-law lives a few houses down the street from George Will. We all hung out together on the ski slopes when we weren't working in Germany. A straightshooter (West Pointer and all that) who could ski ok, but couldn't handle the black slopes. Good guy back then; hope he hasn't been corrupted.

I'll going to call him tomorrow. And raise total hell.

Might be the last time we ever talk.

There is just no end to the dishonesty.

Posted by: Movie Guy at February 13, 2005 12:40 AM


Remember what John DeIulio said about these bananabrains when he took over the Office of Faith-Based Initiatives?

They are Mayberry Machivellians, i.e., rubes with paranoid and intricate political schemes always boiling away. Now that Karl Rove is officially in charge of economic policy, look for things to get worse.

Posted by: Jon Koppenhoefer at February 13, 2005 12:41 AM


Jon K put his finger on it: this is all "faith based". I suspect at some level and in some offices the White House understands that their numbers just don't run, they just don't care anymore. Their entire strategy is to ramp up public fear to the point that it will frighten Democrats to buckle and by all accounts it is not working. There is no 9/11 moment to fall back on, the American people at no point signed on to a War on Social Security, and absent "crisis" will not move in sufficient numbers.

Republicans hated Social Security in 1936 (Landon) they hated it in 1964 (Goldwater) they hated it in 1978 (Shrub) they hate it in 2005 (grown up Bush). It is truly an Article of Faith, and I say that with the faintest of irony. There is an wave of panic surging through the Right, a dawning understanding that Social Security is going to be a creditor and not a pauper in the future. That wave is going to wash away much of the foundation of the modern Repbulican Party, in a relative blink of an eye Cato and Heritage will be transformed from respected think tanks to hysterical doomsayers.

We are seeing the first signs of that. I suspect many privatizers first impulse was to fall back on the numbers of the Social Security Reports, only to find to their horror that after page 17 (2004 Report: Overview) there were only shifting sands. Instead of a system in crisis they were faced with defending 1.8% productivity growth for 2005 (Intermediate Cost) to sustain their predictions for 2018 and 2042.

They still want to kill Social Security, yet every number that gets put on the table weakens their case. They are thrashing, and like any dying animal are dangerous, but we just need to keep our cool and maintain our distance.

Posted by: Bruce Webb at February 13, 2005 04:19 AM


Another funny thing is Bush is spending money on propaganda because "his message ins't getting to the people". In his race to turn the US into a ginat Alabama, how stupid does he have to be to realize tha maybe his message IS getting to the people? He has the press regurgitating his lies. He has shill reporters. He has paid talkers, maybe even Limbaugh or Hannity, to spout the party line.

And still the people aren't getting his message? Bush would do weel to look to his buddy Putin and see what huge cuts in state pensions has done in Moscow. Putin's message isn't getting out either becuase they are taking to the streets.

Posted by: me at February 13, 2005 10:38 AM


This post is almost certainly dead by now, but what the hey. Of course Mr. Furman's analysis is on target - but let me say, as a certified member of the shrill faction, that i don't read as much into this particular distortion as some others. The formulation, "Is it sufficient to have the risk-free tier of retirement security replace only 8 percent of prior wages?", is misleading, too: the risk that the private accounts would come up completely empty is essentially zero, and if it ever came to pass it would mean that the economy was in such dire straits that regular SS benefits would be in jeopardy, too.

A bigger concern for me, I think, is that i suspect the break-even rate of return of 3% above inflation, after fees & expenses, is going to be a lot harder to reach than most analysts now seem to think. I've read comments by several of the privatizers on the SS Reform Commission that seem to indicate that the actuaries are estimating 4.5% returns on the basis of past performance. They say they calculated 35-year rates of return over the past several decades on some broad-based stock index (I think the S&P 500?) without adjusting for inflation, then subtracted an estimated future inflation rate of 3% to come up with average inflation-adjusted returns of something like 7% or more - then they factored in some portion of investment in bonds & said that 4.5% would be a conservative, low-end rate of return. But shouldn't they have calculated real rates of return on stocks, using the actual rates of inflation - which for much of the period they were looking at were well above 3%? I saw some data that another CBPP publication linked to, assembled by a professor at Wharton, that show real returns to the S&P since 1871, and those seem to show that the average 35-year real rate of return on stocks alone would be just under 4%, and that in something like 30% of the 35-year cohorts since 1900 the returns would have been less than 3.3%. Now since we'd be starting this misadventure at historically high stock prices to begin with, and future growth projections are for somewhat slower growth than in decades past, and since current policies are driving us toward a devaluded dollar & ultimately higher inflation, doesn't it seem like barely a 50-50 proposition that even typical returns for any cohort of retirees will do better than break-even?

Posted by: Tom at February 14, 2005 03:55 AM


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