January 16, 2003
Turn Darwin's Radio to the "Stick Insect" Channel

I read about this. I read about this--or, rather, related ideas about what's in all the turned-off DNA--years ago, in Greg Bear's Darwin's Radio.


New Scientist: The lowly stick insect has forced a rethink of one of the key rules of evolution - that complex anatomical features do not disappear and reappear over the course of time. Researchers have discovered that on a number of occasions in the past 300 million years, stick insects have lost their wings, then re-evolved them. Entomologists have described the revelation as "revolutionary". Michael Whiting, an evolutionary biologist from Brigham Young University in Provo, Utah, and his team stumbled upon the finding while examining the DNA of 37 different phasmids, the stick and leaf insects famous for camouflaging themselves against plants, in a bid to work out their family tree.

Entomologists have assumed that wings only evolved once in insects. The received wisdom is that a winged ancestor produced the winged phasmids we see today. The 60 per cent of stick insects that do not sport wings will, this thinking goes, have jettisoned them along their evolutionary journey so they could expend more energy on reproduction and less on flying. But Whiting's analysis shows that the very first stick insect, which appeared 300 million years ago, had already lost its wings and that stick insects re-evolved the structures at least four times (see graphic). The study covers only 14 of the 19 known sub-families of phasmids, so it is possible that wings reappeared even more often.

Researchers assumed wings could not come back once lost as the genes needed to create them would mutate beyond repair once the wings disappeared. But Whiting says there is evidence from the fruit fly Drosophila that the same genes contain instructions for forming wings and legs. If the same were true for stick insects, there would be an evolutionary pressure to stop wing genes from mutating, even in the insects that did not have wings. Those genes could then be turned back on in the future...

Posted by DeLong at January 16, 2003 12:26 PM | Trackback

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Nitpick: *Benford's* _Darwin's Radio_?

Posted by: C. on January 16, 2003 02:47 PM

Nitpick: *Benford's* _Darwin's Radio_?

Posted by: C. on January 16, 2003 02:48 PM

*Ooops*

Posted by: Brad DeLong on January 16, 2003 02:59 PM

Somewhat connected news: in 10 years we may have no bananas, unless we succed in reviving banana plants' ability to breed. :-)

Posted by: Jean-Philippe Stijns on January 16, 2003 04:11 PM

This is great news. Maybe _homo sapiens_ can re-evolve a backbone.

Posted by: Bob Hawkins on January 16, 2003 06:40 PM

I am uncomfortable with the statement that evolution was thought to forbid wings being re-evolved. Says who? God? If eyes could be evolved several times wouldn't a genetic background for wings be a "leg up" for re-evolving them. signed-
The secular clergyman

Posted by: RLL on January 16, 2003 07:29 PM

Nitpick: *Benford's* _Darwin's Radio_?

You gotta be kidding. It's BEAR'S. You're too damn lazy to type "Darwin's Radio" into the search box at Amazon.com?

I thought that book sucked, by the way.

Posted by: Stephen J Fromm on January 16, 2003 08:00 PM

>>You're too damn lazy to type "Darwin's Radio" into the search box at Amazon.com?<<

I don't search Amazon for authors of books when I know who the authors are.

It's just sometimes I think I know who the authors are, and I don't.

Posted by: Brad DeLong on January 19, 2003 01:48 PM
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